The Pattern A head and shoulders top pattern consists of three successive peaks: The middle peak, or head, is the highest and the two outside peaks, or shoulders, are lower at roughly the same level as each other. Connecting the reaction lows of each peak forms a level of support, also called the neckline. In order for the head and shoulders top pattern to be a reversal pattern, there must be an existing upward trend to reverse. Therefore, we must fi rst look for an existing uptrend. During the uptrend, the left shoulder forms a peak, marking the high point of the current trend. Following the formation of this intermediate high, the price declines to complete the formation of the left shoulder. Typically, the low of this decline remains above the trendline, preserving the uptrend for the time being. The head forms when the price reverses course and advances from the low of the left shoulder, rising above the high of the left shoulder. Following this new intermediate high, the price again declines to a level generally equal with the low of the left shoulder. This time, however, the reaction low usually breaks the uptrend, indicating that the uptrend may be at risk. Once again, the price reverses from the low of the head, forming the right shoulder. This intermediate high is lower than the head and usually of similar height as the left shoulder. Following the formation of the right shoulder, the price again falls. However, the price does not fi nd support and breaks below the neckline.
Neckline Break
The head and shoulders top pattern is ultimately confi rmed once the price breaks through the neckline, falling below the support line formed by the lows of the left shoulder and head. A fi nal confi rmation of this violation of support is a spike in volume, ideally greater than that seen during the formation of the pattern. If the volume is lighter at the neckline break than it has been during the formation of the head and shoulders top pattern, there is a greater chance that the price will move back to and above the neckline after the initial break below it.
*DISCLAIMER*: I am not a financial advisor nor am I giving financial advice. I am sharing my biased opinion based on speculation. You should not take my opinion as financial advice. You should always do your research before making any investment. You should also understand the risks of investing. This is all speculative based investing.
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