Commencez

Cycles

ORB (x2) by jaXn# ORB (x2) Professional Suite ## 🚀 Unleash the Power of Precision Range Trading **ORB (x2)** isn't just another breakout indicator—it is a complete **Opening Range Breakout workspace** designed for professional traders who demand flexibility, precision, and chart cleanliness. Whether you are trading Indices, Forex, or Commodities, the Opening Range is often the most critical level of the day. This suite allows you to master these levels by tracking **two independent ranges** simultaneously, giving you a distinctive edge. ## 🔥 Why choose ORB (x2)? Most indicators force you to choose one specific time. **ORB (x2)** breaks these limits. ### 🌎 1. Multi-Session Mastery (London & New York) Trade the world's biggest liquidity pools. Set **ORB 1** for the **London Open** (e.g., 03:00–03:05 EST) and **ORB 2** for the **New York Open** (09:30–09:35 EST). Watch how price reacts to London levels later in the New York session. ### ⏱️ 2. Multi-Strategy Stacking (The "Fractal" Approach) This is a game-changer for intraday setups. Instead of two different times, track **two different durations** for the *same* open. * **Setup:** Configure **ORB 1** as the classic **5-minute range** (09:30–09:35). * **Setup:** Configure **ORB 2** as the statistically significant **15-minute or 30-minute range** (09:30–10:00). * **Result:** You now see immediate scalping levels *and* major trend reversals levels on the same chart, automatically. ### 🎯 3. "Plot Until" Tech: Keep Your Chart Clean Sick of lines extending infinitely into the void? Our exclusive **"Plot Until"** feature separates the signal from the noise. You define exactly when the trade idea invalidates. * *Example:* Plot the 09:30 levels only until 12:00 (Lunch). * The script intelligently cuts the lines off at your exact minute, ensuring your chart is ready for the afternoon session without morning clutter. ### ⚡ Precision Engine We use a dedicated "Precision Timeframe" input. Even if you are viewing a 1-hour or 4-hour chart to see the big picture, ORB (x2) can fetch data from the **1-minute** timeframe to calculate the *exact* high and low of the opening range. No more "repainting" or guessing where the wick was. ## 🛠 Feature Breakdown * **Dual Independent Engines:** Fully separate Color, Style, Time, and Cutoff settings for both ORB 1 and ORB 2. * **Absolute Time Cutoff:** Lines obey day boundaries perfectly. A cutoff at 16:00 means 16:00, not "whenever the next bar closes". * **Style Control:** Visually distinguish between your "Scalp" ORB (e.g., Dotted Lines) and your "Trend" ORB (e.g., Solid Thick Lines). * **Performance Mode:** Adjustable "Lookback Days" limits history to keep your chart lightning fast. ## 💡 Configuration Examples **The "Double Barrel" (Standard Stock + Futures)** * *ORB 1:* `0930-0935` (5 min) - The immediate reaction. * *ORB 2:* `0930-1000` (30 min) - The institutional trend setter. **The "Transatlantic" (Forex/Indices)** * *ORB 1:* `0800-0805` (London Open) - European liquidity. * *ORB 2:* `1330-1335` (NY Open) - US liquidity injection. ## ⚠️ Disclaimer Trading involves substantial risk. This tool helps visualize critical price levels but does not guarantee profits. Always combine with proper risk management and your own analysis.
Indicateur Pine Script®
par jacksenn
SUMA VuManChu Cipher B Revised to V6// This indicator is an updated version of the original WuManChu Cipher B indicator, I updated it to v6 and fixed a few things that were no longer supported in v6 from the original v3 or v4. // I also made the RSI and Stoch to fully comedown to the bottom of the display panel to reflect what the rest of the parameters are doing, I adjusted the money flow to be more sensitive. // I tried to leave the logic as it was original intended to be used, // I renamed and put everything together, it was a bit challenging but Cipher B is such a great indicator that I think it deserved the update and the time I put into it.
Indicateur Pine Script®
par Tulip-Bullrun
MTF Confluence Reporter - Trend & Momentum AlignmentThis indicator is a multi-timeframe confluence dashboard designed to answer one question clearly: “Across my key timeframes, is the market leaning Bullish, Bearish, or Mixed—and how strong is that lean?” It combines two separate “votes” per timeframe: 4MA Direction (trend alignment / slope bias) StochRSI State (momentum bias) Those votes are then blended into a single Confluence result, shown as a clean readout with a 0–100 Strength score, plus hysteresis to reduce flicker near the decision boundary. What you see in the table 1) 4MA This is the trend component. It summarizes whether the selected timeframes are generally Bull or Bear based on the moving-average direction logic (your 4MA engine). 2) Stoch This is the momentum component. It summarizes whether StochRSI across the selected timeframes is leaning Bull or Bear. 3) Qualified (YES/NO) A safety gate. “Qualified = YES” means the internal conditions required for a valid confluence read are met (i.e., enough alignment/consistency to treat the output as actionable). If it’s NO, treat the market as mixed / transitional and tighten risk. 4) Strength (0–100) Your blended score (trend + momentum). Higher = stronger agreement across timeframes. A simple way to interpret it: 80–100: Strong alignment (clean regime) 60–79: Moderate alignment (tradable, but expect chop) 50–59: Weak / transitioning (be cautious) < 50: Bearish side of the regime logic (or mixed turning down) 5) Strength Bar A visual “battery meter” for the Strength score. This is meant to be read at a glance during fast decision-making. 6) Confluence (BULL/BEAR) The actual regime output. This is the “final answer” based on the Strength score and hysteresis rules. 7) Hysteresis (Enter / Exit thresholds) This is the anti-flicker system. Example shown on the chart: Enter > 60 Exit < 50 Meaning: The script only “flips ON” a Bull regime when strength becomes convincingly Bullish (above 60). It won’t “flip OFF” until strength meaningfully weakens (below 50). This reduces rapid flipping during 50/50 conditions. How to use it (practical workflow) Step 1 — Use Confluence as your “market mode” BULL: Favor longs, trend-following entries, buying pullbacks. BEAR: Favor defense, shorts/hedges (if you trade them), or wait for reset. Qualified = NO: Reduce size, tighten stops, or wait—conditions are not clean. Step 2 — Use Strength to time aggressiveness Strength rising: Momentum is joining trend → entries tend to have better follow-through. Strength falling: Alignment is fading → take profit quicker or tighten risk. Step 3 — Use hysteresis as your “noise filter” If you’re a swing trader, hysteresis is your friend: Don’t overreact to a single bar change. Let the regime confirm and stay confirmed. Best use-cases Swing trading / position bias (daily/weekly context) Hedge decisions (when alignment flips and stays flipped) Filtering entries from other tools (only take signals that match the regime) Settings notes: This script is designed to be flexible: You can choose which timeframes matter most to you (commonly 1H / 4H / 1D / 1W / 1M). If your version includes weighting, you can tune weights to match your trading style (short-term vs swing). Thresholds (Enter/Exit) can be tightened for faster flips or widened for smoother regimes. Important notes / disclaimer (TradingView-safe) This tool is an informational confluence dashboard, not financial advice. No indicator can predict the future. Always confirm with market structure, risk management, and your own plan. Past behavior on a chart does not guarantee future results. How I Use This Indicator (Example Workflow) I use this tool primarily as a market-bias and risk-filter, not as a standalone entry signal. Establish the regime first I start by checking the Confluence row: BULL: I focus on long-side ideas and bullish continuation setups. BEAR: I become defensive, avoid counter-trend trades, or look for short/hedge opportunities where applicable. Qualified = NO: I treat the market as transitional and reduce risk. Use Strength to adjust aggressiveness When Strength is elevated and rising, I am more comfortable holding positions and allowing trades more room to develop. When Strength is declining, I tighten stops, reduce position size, or manage trades more actively. Let hysteresis do the work I do not react to every minor fluctuation near the midpoint. The built-in hysteresis thresholds help me stay aligned with the prevailing regime instead of over-trading during indecision. Entries come from other tools Actual entries are taken using price structure, support/resistance, or other indicators. This dashboard simply tells me whether the broader environment supports that idea or not. In short, I treat this indicator as a context and confirmation layer—it helps answer when to be aggressive, cautious, or patient.
Indicateur Pine Script®
par Dinjin
Capital Rotational Event (CRE)What is a Capital Rotational Event (CRE)? A Capital Rotational Event is when money shifts from one asset to another — e.g., rotation from stocks into bonds, from tech into commodities, or from one sector into another. In technical terms it typically shows: ✔ Divergence between two asset price series ✔ Relative strength switching direction ✔ Volume/flow confirming rotation ✔ Often precedes trend acceleration in the “receiver” asset
Indicateur Pine Script®
par uzair2join
Multi TF Volume ATRThis indicator measures volatility using ATR applied to volume across multiple timeframes. It helps identify when real momentum enters the market by showing volume spikes on 1h, 4h, 12h, and Daily charts. When several timeframes spike at the same time, it often signals strong moves, breakouts, or major shifts in volatility. The script calculates Volume ATR for 1h, 4h, 12h, and 1D. Each timeframe generates its own spike condition. The indicator then checks for alignment between timeframes. The 1h histogram changes color based on the strength of the signal. Red means multi timeframe alignment. This is the strongest signal and shows that several timeframes are spiking together. Yellow means a 1h spike only. This is an early warning of local volatility. Blue means no spike. The indicator also plots higher timeframe ATR lines for context. These include 4h ATR, 12h ATR, and 1D ATR. When these lines rise together, volatility is building. Spike markers appear at the top of the pane when higher timeframes trigger. You can choose how strict the alignment should be. Options include all three timeframes (1h, 4h, 12h), at least two timeframes, or including the daily timeframe for even stronger confirmation. The script includes alert conditions for 1h spikes, multi timeframe alignment spikes, and daily spikes. These alerts help you stay ahead of volatility without watching charts constantly. This indicator is useful for many trading styles. Breakout traders use red bars to confirm momentum. Mean reversion traders use daily spikes to confirm volatility conditions. Trend traders watch rising 4h and 12h ATR lines. Scalpers use yellow bars as early warnings. Volume ATR shows how quickly volume is expanding. When several timeframes spike together, it often signals institutional activity, liquidity events, volatility shifts, breakouts, or reversals. This provides information that price alone cannot show.
Indicateur Pine Script®
par Blaiise
LEVENT: Lifetime Estimation via Efficiency-Regime EventLEVENT — Lifetime Estimation via Efficiency-Regime Event Transitions LEVENT is a research-grade indicator that estimates the remaining structural lifetime of the current market regime. Unlike trend, volatility, or momentum tools, LEVENT does not measure price movement — it measures how long the current market structure is likely to survive before breaking. This script implements the LEVENT model published on Zenodo (Bülent Duman, 2026) and is built on top of the open-source DERYA (Dynamic Efficiency Regime Yield Analyzer) microstructural efficiency framework. What LEVENT measures LEVENT outputs a single continuous variable L that represents the remaining survival capacity of the active efficiency regime. High L → the current regime has strong structural endurance Falling L → the regime is consuming its capacity L → 0 → regime exhaustion and elevated probability of transition This makes LEVENT a forward-looking structural time variable, not a price indicator. What is inside this script This implementation contains the following components: 1. DERYA (open-source microstructure efficiency) DERYA is computed from OHLC data as: Net close-to-close movement divided by total intrabar range It is smoothed with an EMA and normalized over a rolling window to produce a bounded efficiency state (0–100). This is an open-source indicator and is explicitly credited in the LEVENT paper. 2. Transition Strength (S) S measures how unstable the regime is by combining: the slope of DERYA the acceleration of DERYA This is not RSI, MACD, or ATR — it is a state-transition intensity metric. 3. Regime Engine Markets are classified into four structural regimes: Expansion Exhaustion Collapse Base / Recovery A debounce + persistence filter is used to avoid noise-based flickering. 4. Structural Lifetime (LEVENT L) Each regime is assigned a capacity (Λ) and a fragility (α). LEVENT then evolves as a jump-and-countdown survival process: On regime change → L resets to full capacity Inside a regime → L decays deterministically High instability → faster decay This is not a moving average, oscillator, or probability estimate — it is a structural survival clock. How to use LEVENT LEVENT is designed to be used as a regime-health overlay, not a buy/sell trigger. Typical uses: Detect late-stage trends when L is low Avoid initiating positions when the regime is near collapse Compare structural stability across assets Combine with price, trend, or volume systems Do not use LEVENT alone as a trading signal. LEVENT tells you “how long the structure may last”, not “where price will go.” Visuals Background colors show the current regime The LEVENT line shows remaining structural lifetime A table displays the active regime and current L value Important notes LEVENT is not RSI, MACD, ATR, or trend LEVENT does not predict price direction LEVENT does not issue entry/exit signals LEVENT is a research-grade structural model The DERYA component used here is an open-source microstructural efficiency estimator and is credited accordingly. Risk and disclaimer This script is provided for research and analytical purposes only. It is not financial advice and must not be used as a standalone trading system. Markets are uncertain. All trading decisions and risks remain entirely the responsibility of the user. LEVENT: Lifetime Estimation via Efficiency-regime Event Transitions Introducing a Regime-Dependent Structural Lifetime Estimator for Financial Markets Using OHLC Data Author: DUMAN,Bülent Affiliation: Independent Researcher zenodo.org
Indicateur Pine Script®
par blntduman
Long + Short + Signal//@version=6 indicator("Long + Short + Signal", overlay=true) Buy = input.bool(false, "Buy ") Sell = input.bool(false, "Sell ") // ================= INPUTS ================= // ---- LONG ---- periodK_Long = 50 smoothK_Long = 3 periodD_Long = 3 // ---- SHORT ---- periodK_Short = 14 smoothK_Short = 3 periodD_Short = 3 // ================= FUNCTIONS ================= f_stoch_long(tf) => k = request.security(syminfo.tickerid, tf, ta.sma(ta.stoch(close, high, low, periodK_Long), smoothK_Long)) d = request.security(syminfo.tickerid, tf, ta.sma(k, periodD_Long)) k > 50 and d > 50 ? color.green : k < 40 and d < 40 ? color.red : color.gray f_stoch_short(tf) => k = request.security(syminfo.tickerid, tf, ta.sma(ta.stoch(close, high, low, periodK_Short), smoothK_Short)) d = request.security(syminfo.tickerid, tf, ta.sma(k, periodD_Short)) k > 60 and d > 60 ? color.green : k < 40 and d < 40 ? color.red : color.gray // ================= TABLE ================= // 2 rows × 8 columns var table t = table.new(position.top_right, 8, 2, border_width=3) if barstate.islast // ===== HEADINGS (BIGGER) ===== table.cell( t, 0, 0, "Short", bgcolor=color.black, text_color=color.white, text_size=size.large, text_halign=text.align_center ) table.cell( t, 0, 1, "Long", bgcolor=color.black, text_color=color.white, text_size=size.large, text_halign=text.align_center ) // ===== LONG ROW ===== table.cell(t, 1, 0, "1m", bgcolor=f_stoch_short("1"), text_color=color.white, text_size=size.normal) table.cell(t, 2, 0, "5m", bgcolor=f_stoch_short("5"), text_color=color.white, text_size=size.normal) table.cell(t, 3, 0, "15m", bgcolor=f_stoch_short("15"), text_color=color.white, text_size=size.normal) table.cell(t, 4, 0, "60m", bgcolor=f_stoch_short("60"), text_color=color.white, text_size=size.normal) table.cell(t, 5, 0, "D", bgcolor=f_stoch_short("D"), text_color=color.white, text_size=size.normal) table.cell(t, 6, 0, "W", bgcolor=f_stoch_short("W"), text_color=color.white, text_size=size.normal) table.cell(t, 7, 0, "M", bgcolor=f_stoch_short("M"), text_color=color.white, text_size=size.normal) // ===== SHORT ROW ===== table.cell(t, 1, 1, "1m", bgcolor=f_stoch_long("1"), text_color=color.white, text_size=size.normal) table.cell(t, 2, 1, "5m", bgcolor=f_stoch_long("5"), text_color=color.white, text_size=size.normal) table.cell(t, 3, 1, "15m", bgcolor=f_stoch_long("15"), text_color=color.white, text_size=size.normal) table.cell(t, 4, 1, "60m", bgcolor=f_stoch_long("60"), text_color=color.white, text_size=size.normal) table.cell(t, 5, 1, "D", bgcolor=f_stoch_long("D"), text_color=color.white, text_size=size.normal) table.cell(t, 6, 1, "W", bgcolor=f_stoch_long("W"), text_color=color.white, text_size=size.normal) table.cell(t, 7, 1, "M", bgcolor=f_stoch_long("M"), text_color=color.white, text_size=size.normal) lengthK = 14 lengthD = 3 lengthEMA = 3 emaEma(source, length) => ta.ema(ta.ema(source, length), length) highestHigh = ta.highest(lengthK) lowestLow = ta.lowest(lengthK) highestLowestRange = highestHigh - lowestLow relativeRange = close - (highestHigh + lowestLow) / 2 smi = 200 * (emaEma(relativeRange, lengthD) / emaEma(highestLowestRange, lengthD)) // ===== BUY / SELL CONDITIONS ===== buyEntry = ta.crossover(smi, 50) buyExit = ta.crossunder(smi, 50) sellEntry = ta.crossunder(smi, -40) sellExit = ta.crossover(smi, -40) // ===== PLOTS ===== plotshape( Buy and buyEntry, title="BUY", style=shape.triangleup,location=location.belowbar, color=color.green,size=size.small, text="BUY") plotshape( Buy and buyExit, title="EXIT BUY", style=shape.triangledown, location=location.abovebar, color=color.lime,size=size.tiny, text="EXIT") plotshape( Sell and sellEntry,title="SELL", style=shape.triangledown, location=location.abovebar, color=color.red, size=size.small, text="SELL") plotshape( Sell and sellExit, title="EXIT SELL", style=shape.triangleup, location=location.belowbar, color=color.orange, size=size.tiny, text="EXIT") shortest = ta.ema(close, 9) shortEMA = ta.ema(close, 21) longer = ta.ema(close, 50) longest = ta.ema(close, 200) plot(shortest, color=color.red, title="EMA 9") plot(shortEMA, color=color.orange, title="EMA 21") plot(longer, color=color.aqua, title="EMA 50") plot(longest, color=color.blue, title="EMA 200")
Indicateur Pine Script®
par GunjanShah
Yield Curve Widget (Nasdaq) 📊 Yield Curve Risk Widget — Nasdaq (MNQ) 🔍 What this indicator does This indicator is a macro risk widget designed for Nasdaq (MNQ) traders. It combines the US Treasury yield curve (10Y vs 2Y) with price confirmation from Nasdaq itself to provide a directional bias. ⚠️ This is NOT an entry signal. It is a context and risk filter to help you decide which side of the market to prioritize. 🧠 What each element means 🔹 10Y (e.g. 4.17) The 10-year US Treasury yield, expressed as annual percentage (%). Tech stocks and Nasdaq are highly sensitive to the 10Y Falling 10Y → supportive for Nasdaq Rising 10Y → pressure on Nasdaq 🔹 2Y (e.g. 3.54) The 2-year US Treasury yield, closely tied to Federal Reserve expectations. 🔹 Spread (10Y − 2Y) Represents the slope of the yield curve. Spread expanding → curve normalizing → healthier macro environment Spread contracting → curve flattening or inverting → higher risk 🔹 10Y slope / Spread slope (▲ ▼ •) Shows the recent direction of movement: ▲ Rising ▼ Falling • Flat / neutral 👉 Direction matters more than absolute level. 🔹 Regime (BULL / BEAR / NEUT) Structural interpretation of the yield curve: BULL → rates favor risk assets BEAR → rates pressure risk assets NEUT → mixed macro signals 🔹 RISK ON / RISK OFF / NEUTRAL Combination of macro (yield curve) and price confirmation (Nasdaq trend): RISK ON → Favorable curve and Nasdaq above its trend EMA RISK OFF → Unfavorable curve and Nasdaq below its trend EMA NEUTRAL → No confirmation 🔹 Intensity (0–100) Measures the strength of the current regime. 0–40 → weak / noisy environment 40–60 → transition phase 60–100 → strong macro regime 🔹 Trade Bias (BUY / SELL / WAIT) This is the practical conclusion of the indicator: BUY NASDAQ → Risk ON confirmed + intensity above threshold SELL NASDAQ → Risk OFF confirmed + intensity above threshold WAIT → Mixed conditions, no clear edge ⚠️ This is NOT a trade trigger, only a directional filter. 🎯 How to use it (the right way) ✅ Use it as a FILTER BUY NASDAQ → prioritize long setups only SELL NASDAQ → prioritize short setups only WAIT → trade only A+ setups or stay flat ❌ What NOT to do Do not enter trades solely because BUY/SELL appears Do not ignore your own risk management rules Do not rely on it during major news events (CPI, FOMC, NFP) ⚙️ Suggested settings (MNQ) Day Trading (1m / 5m) MNQ Trend EMA: 200 Slope lookback: 5–10 Min Risk Intensity: 55–65 Intraday / Swing Yields TF: 15m or 60m Min Risk Intensity: 60–75 🧩 Quick summary 📉 Falling rates → Nasdaq tends to rise 📈 Rising rates → Nasdaq tends to fall 🧠 Yield curve + price confirmation = directional edge 🎯 Use as a filter, not as an entry signal Disclaimer: This indicator provides macro context only. Always combine it with your own technical setups, execution rules, and risk management.
Indicateur Pine Script®
par EduWarlock
Wx Gann WindowsWx Gann Windows — Seasonal Time Windows & Forward Markers Wx Gann Windows highlights the handful of Gann-style seasonal dates that matter most, without cluttering your chart. It draws subtle “time windows” around key dates each year and optionally projects the next 12 months of dates into the future so you can keep them in mind when planning trades or options spreads. What it shows 1. Seasonal Windows (background bands) • Equinox / Solstice windows (Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter). • Optional midpoint (cross-quarter) windows: early Feb / May / Aug / Nov. • Each window is a small number of days (default 3) centered on the approximate calendar date, with a soft background band so price action remains in focus. 2. On-Chart Labels (optional) • Small labels like “Spring Eq.”, “Winter Sol.”, “Feb Mid” printed just above the current chart’s price range. • One label per window, on the first bar of the window. 3. Future Projections (next 12 months) • For each key date, the script projects the next occurrence into the future. • Draws a vertical dotted line from near the chart low to above the chart high, plus a label such as “Spring Eq. (next)” or “Aug Mid (next)”. • This gives you a 12-month “time roadmap” for cycles-sensitive planning (e.g., options, swing trades) without manual date marking. Inputs Window Settings • Equinox / Solstice Window (days) – size of the seasonal bands (default 3 days). • Midpoint Window (days) – size of the mid-Feb / May / Aug / Nov bands. Visibility • Show Equinox & Solstice Windows – toggle main seasonal bands on/off. • Show Midpoint Windows (Feb/May/Aug/Nov) – toggle cross-quarter bands. • Show Labels (on windows) – show/hide the on-chart labels above price. Future Projections • Project Next 12 Months (future markers) – toggle the forward vertical lines + “(next)” labels. How to use it • Treat these dates as awareness windows, not prediction signals. • Use them to: • Be extra alert for potential turns, accelerations, or exhaustion. • Tighten risk or avoid opening new positions right into a window if your system suggests caution. • Plan options expiries or swing entries with time structure in mind. Always confirm decisions with your own system (trend, structure, volume, breadth, macro), not the dates alone. Notes & Disclaimer • Dates are approximate calendar anchors inspired by Gann’s seasonal and cross-quarter work, using simple ±N-day windows. • Works on any symbol and timeframe; windows are based on calendar dates, not bar count. • This tool is educational and informational only. It does not place orders and is not financial advice. Always test and integrate with your own strategy and risk management.
Indicateur Pine Script®
par WesPX
UT Bot Alerts with R-Targets & Results< DONE BY RM ALOWAIS > Indicator Overview This indicator provides rule-based BUY and SELL signals with automatic risk management levels. Each trade setup includes a predefined Stop Loss and up to three Take Profit targets (TP1, TP2, TP3), allowing traders to manage risk and scale exits systematically. How It Works BUY and SELL signals are generated based on internal market conditions. Each signal plots: Entry point Stop Loss (SL) Take Profit levels (TP1, TP2, TP3) After price action completes, the indicator displays the actual result of the trade: Result: TP1 / TP2 / TP3 / SL Exit labels may appear when a trade is closed early due to invalidation or opposite conditions. Key Features Non-repainting signals Built-in risk-to-reward structure Visual trade tracking with clear outcomes Suitable for intraday and swing trading Works on multiple markets and timeframes Usage Notes This indicator is a decision-support tool, not financial advice. Best results are achieved when used with proper risk management and higher-timeframe confirmation. Performance may vary depending on market conditions (trend vs range). Disclaimer This script is provided for educational and informational purposes only. The author is not responsible for any financial losses. Always test and validate before using in live trading.
Indicateur Pine Script®
par RMALOWAIS
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