Kalman For Loop [BackQuant]Kalman For Loop
Introducing BackQuant's Kalman For Loop (Kalman FL) — a highly adaptive trading indicator that uses a Kalman filter to smooth price data and generate actionable long and short signals. This advanced indicator is designed to help traders identify trends, filter out market noise, and optimize their entry and exit points with precision. Let’s explore how this indicator works, its key features, and how it can enhance your trading strategies.
Core Concept: Kalman Filter
The Kalman Filter is a mathematical algorithm used to estimate the state of a system by filtering noisy data. It is widely used in areas such as control systems, signal processing, and time-series analysis. In the context of trading, a Kalman filter can be applied to price data to smooth out short-term fluctuations, providing a clearer view of the underlying trend.
Unlike moving averages, which use fixed weights to smooth data, the Kalman Filter adjusts its estimate dynamically based on the relationship between the process noise and the measurement noise. This makes the filter more adaptive to changing market conditions, providing more accurate trend detection without the lag associated with traditional smoothing techniques.
Please see the original Kalman Price Filter
In this script, the Kalman For Loop applies the Kalman filter to the price source (default set to the closing price) to generate a smoothed price series, which is then used to calculate signals.
Adaptive Smoothing with Process and Measurement Noise
Two key parameters govern the behavior of the Kalman filter:
Process Noise: This controls the extent to which the model allows for uncertainty in price changes. A lower process noise value will make the filter smoother but slower to react to price changes, while a higher value makes it more sensitive to recent price fluctuations.
Measurement Noise: This represents the uncertainty or "noise" in the observed price data. A higher measurement noise value gives the filter more leeway to ignore short-term fluctuations, focusing on the broader trend. Lowering the measurement noise makes the filter more responsive to minor changes in price.
These settings allow traders to fine-tune the Kalman filter’s sensitivity, adjusting it to match their preferred trading style or market conditions.
For-Loop Scoring Mechanism
The Kalman FL further enhances the effectiveness of the Kalman filter by using a for-loop scoring system. This mechanism evaluates the smoothed price over a range of periods (defined by the Calculation Start and Calculation End inputs), assigning a score based on whether the current filtered price is higher or lower than previous values.
Long Signals: A long signal is generated when the for-loop score surpasses the Long Threshold (default set at 20), indicating a strong upward trend. This helps traders identify potential buying opportunities.
Short Signals: A short signal is triggered when the score crosses below the Short Threshold (default set at -10), signaling a potential downtrend or selling opportunity.
These signals are plotted on the chart, giving traders a clear visual indication of when to enter long or short positions.
Customization and Visualization Options
The Kalman For Loop comes with a range of customization options to give traders full control over how the indicator operates and is displayed on the chart:
Kalman Price Source: Choose the price data used for the Kalman filter (default is the closing price), allowing you to apply the filter to other price points like open, high, or low.
Filter Order: Set the order of the Kalman filter (default is 5), controlling how far back the filter looks in its calculations.
Process and Measurement Noise: Fine-tune the sensitivity of the Kalman filter by adjusting these noise parameters.
Signal Line Width and Colors: Customize the appearance of the signal line and the colors used to indicate long and short conditions.
Threshold Lines: Toggle the display of the long and short threshold lines on the chart for better visual clarity.
The indicator also includes the option to color the candlesticks based on the current trend direction, allowing traders to quickly identify changes in market sentiment. In addition, a background color feature further highlights the overall trend by shading the background in green for long signals and red for short signals.
Trading Applications
The Kalman For Loop is a versatile tool that can be adapted to a variety of trading strategies and markets. Some of the primary use cases include:
Trend Following: The adaptive nature of the Kalman filter helps traders identify the start of new trends with greater precision. The for-loop scoring system quantifies the strength of the trend, making it easier to stay in trades for longer when the trend remains strong.
Mean Reversion: For traders looking to capitalize on short-term reversals, the Kalman filter's ability to smooth price data makes it easier to spot when price has deviated too far from its expected path, potentially signaling a reversal.
Noise Reduction: The Kalman filter excels at filtering out short-term price noise, allowing traders to focus on the broader market movements without being distracted by minor fluctuations.
Risk Management: By providing clear long and short signals based on filtered price data, the Kalman FL helps traders manage risk by entering positions only when the trend is well-defined, reducing the chances of false signals.
Alerts and Automation
To further assist traders, the Kalman For Loop includes built-in alert conditions that notify you when a long or short signal is generated. These alerts can be configured to trigger notifications, helping you stay on top of market movements without constantly monitoring the chart.
Final Thoughts
The Kalman For Loop is a powerful and adaptive trading indicator that combines the precision of the Kalman filter with a for-loop scoring mechanism to generate reliable long and short signals. Whether you’re a trend follower or a reversal trader, this indicator offers the flexibility and accuracy needed to navigate complex markets with confidence.
As always, it’s important to backtest the indicator and adjust the settings to fit your trading style and market conditions. No indicator is perfect, and the Kalman FL should be used alongside other tools and sound risk management practices for the best results.
J-BTC
Crypto Volatility Bitcoin Correlation Strategy Description:
The Crypto Volatility Bitcoin Correlation Strategy is designed to leverage market volatility specifically in Bitcoin (BTC) using a combination of volatility indicators and trend-following techniques. This strategy utilizes the VIXFix (a volatility indicator adapted for crypto markets) and the BVOL7D (Bitcoin 7-Day Volatility Index from BitMEX) to identify periods of high volatility, while confirming trends with the Exponential Moving Average (EMA). These components work together to offer a comprehensive system that traders can use to enter positions when volatility and trends are aligned in their favor.
Key Features:
VIXFix (Volatility Index for Crypto Markets): This indicator measures the highest price of Bitcoin over a set period and compares it with the current low price to gauge market volatility. A rise in VIXFix indicates increasing market volatility, signaling that large price movements could occur.
BVOL7D (Bitcoin 7-Day Volatility Index): This volatility index, provided by BitMEX, measures the volatility of Bitcoin over the past 7 days. It helps traders monitor the recent volatility trend in the market, particularly useful when making short-term trading decisions.
Exponential Moving Average (EMA): The 50-period EMA acts as a trend indicator. When the price is above the EMA, it suggests the market is in an uptrend, and when the price is below the EMA, it suggests a downtrend.
How It Works:
Long Entry: A long position is triggered when both the VIXFix and BVOL7D indicators are rising, signaling increased volatility, and the price is above the 50-period EMA, confirming that the market is trending upward.
Exit: The strategy exits the position when the price crosses below the 50-period EMA, which signals a potential weakening of the uptrend and a decrease in volatility.
This strategy ensures that traders only enter positions when the volatility aligns with a clear trend, minimizing the risk of entering trades during periods of market uncertainty.
Testing and Timeframe:
This strategy has been tested on Bitcoin using the daily timeframe, which provides a longer-term perspective on market trends and volatility. However, users can adjust the timeframe according to their trading preferences. It is crucial to note that this strategy does not include comprehensive risk management, aside from the exit condition when the price crosses below the EMA. Users are strongly advised to implement their own risk management techniques, such as setting appropriate stop-loss levels, to safeguard their positions during high volatility periods.
Utility:
The Crypto Volatility Bitcoin Correlation Strategy is particularly well-suited for traders who aim to capitalize on the high volatility often seen in the Bitcoin market. By combining volatility measurements (VIXFix and BVOL7D) with a trend-following mechanism (EMA), this strategy helps identify optimal moments for entering and exiting trades. This approach ensures that traders participate in potentially profitable market moves while minimizing exposure during times of uncertainty.
Use Cases:
Volatility-Based Entries: Traders looking to take advantage of market volatility spikes will find this strategy useful for timing entry points during market swings.
Trend Confirmation: By using the EMA as a confirmation tool, traders can avoid entering trades that go against the trend, which can result in significant losses during volatile market conditions.
Risk Management: While the strategy exits when price falls below the EMA, it is important to recognize that this is not a full risk management system. Traders should use caution and integrate additional risk measures, such as stop-losses and position sizing, to better manage potential losses.
How to Use:
Step 1: Monitor the VIXFix and BVOL7D indicators. When both are rising and the Bitcoin price is above the EMA, the strategy will trigger a long entry, indicating that the market is experiencing increased volatility with a confirmed uptrend.
Step 2: Exit the position when the price drops below the 50-period EMA, signaling that the trend may be reversing or weakening, reducing the likelihood of continued upward price movement.
This strategy is open-source and is intended to help traders navigate volatile market conditions, particularly in Bitcoin, using proven indicators for volatility and trend confirmation.
Risk Disclaimer:
This strategy has been tested on the daily timeframe of Bitcoin, but users should be aware that it does not include built-in risk management except for the below-EMA exit condition. Users should be extremely cautious when using this strategy and are encouraged to implement their own risk management, such as using stop-losses, position sizing, and setting appropriate limits. Trading involves significant risk, and this strategy does not guarantee profits or prevent losses. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Always test any strategy in a demo environment before applying it to live markets.
Leonid's Bitcoin Sharpe RatioThe Sharpe ratio is an old formula used to value the risk-adjusted return of an asset. It was developed by Nobel Laureate William F. Sharpe. In this case, I have applied it to Bitcoin with an adjustable look-back date.
The Sharpe Ratio shows you the average return earned after subtracting out the risk-free rate per unit of volatility (I've defaulted this to 0.02 ).
Volatility is a measure of the price fluctuations of an asset or portfolio. Subtracting the risk-free rate from the mean return allows you to understand what the extra returns are for taking the risk.
If the indicator is flashing red, Bitcoin is temporarily overbought (expensive).
If the indicator is flashing green, Bitcoin is temporarily oversold (cheap).
The goal of this indicator is to signal out local tops & bottoms. It can be adjusted as far as the lookback time but I have found 25-26 days to be ideal.
Dynamic Volume RSI (DVRSI) [QuantAlgo]Introducing the Dynamic Volume RSI (DVRSI) by QuantAlgo 📈✨
Elevate your trading and investing strategies with the Dynamic Volume RSI (DVRSI) , a powerful tool designed to provide clear insights into market momentum and trend shifts. This indicator is ideal for traders and investors who want to stay ahead of the curve by using volume-responsive calculations and adaptive smoothing techniques to enhance signal clarity and reliability.
🌟 Key Features:
🛠 Customizable RSI Settings: Tailor the indicator to your strategy by adjusting the RSI length and price source. Whether you’re focused on short-term trades or long-term investments, DVRSI adapts to your needs.
🌊 Adaptive Smoothing: Enable adaptive smoothing to filter out market noise and ensure cleaner signals in volatile or choppy market conditions.
🎨 Dynamic Color-Coding: Easily identify bullish and bearish trends with color-coded candles and RSI plots, offering clear visual cues to track market direction.
⚖️ Volume-Responsive Adjustments: The DVRSI reacts to volume changes, giving greater significance to high-volume price moves and improving the accuracy of trend detection.
🔔 Custom Alerts: Stay informed with alerts for key RSI crossovers and trend changes, allowing you to act quickly on emerging opportunities.
📈 How to Use:
✅ Add the Indicator: Set up the DVRSI by adding it to your chart and customizing the RSI length, price source, and smoothing options to fit your specific strategy.
👀 Monitor Visual Cues: Watch for trend shifts through the color-coded plot and candles, signaling changes in momentum as the RSI crosses key levels.
🔔 Set Alerts: Configure alerts for critical RSI crossovers, such as the 50 line, ensuring you stay on top of potential market reversals and opportunities.
🔍 How It Works:
The Dynamic Volume RSI (DVRSI) is a unique indicator designed to provide more accurate and responsive signals by incorporating both price movement and volume sensitivity into the RSI framework. It begins by calculating the traditional RSI values based on a user-defined length and price source, but unlike standard RSI tools, the DVRSI applies volume-weighted adjustments to reflect the strength of market participation.
The indicator dynamically adjusts its sensitivity by factoring in volume to the RSI calculation, which means that price moves backed by higher volumes carry more weight, making the signal more reliable. This method helps identify stronger trends and reduces the risk of false signals in low-volume environments. To further enhance accuracy, the DVRSI offers an adaptive smoothing option that allows users to reduce noise during periods of market volatility. This adaptive smoothing function responds to market conditions, providing a cleaner signal by reducing erratic movements or price spikes that could lead to misleading signals.
Additionally, the DVRSI uses dynamic color-coding to visually represent the strength of bullish or bearish trends. The candles and RSI plots change color based on the RSI values crossing critical thresholds, such as the 50 level, offering an intuitive way to recognize trend shifts. Traders can also configure alerts for specific RSI crossovers (e.g., above 50 or below 40), ensuring that they stay informed of potential trend reversals and significant market shifts in real-time.
The combination of volume sensitivity, adaptive smoothing, and dynamic trend visualization makes the DVRSI a robust and versatile tool for traders and investors looking to fine-tune their market analysis. By incorporating both price and volume data, this indicator delivers more precise signals, helping users make informed decisions with greater confidence.
Disclaimer:
The Dynamic Volume RSI is designed to enhance your market analysis but should not be used as a sole decision-making tool. Always consider multiple factors before making any trading or investment decisions. Past performance is not indicative of future results.
Rsi Long-Term Strategy [15min]Hello, I would like to present to you The "RSI Long-Term Strategy" for 15min tf
The "RSI Long-Term Strategy " is designed for traders who prefer a combination of momentum and trend-following techniques. The strategy focuses on entering long positions during significant market corrections within an overall uptrend, confirmed by both RSI and volume. The use of long-term SMAs ensures that trades are made in line with the broader market trend. The stop-loss feature provides risk management by limiting losses on trades that do not perform as expected. This strategy is particularly well-suited for longer-term traders who monitor 15-minute charts but look for substantial trend reversals or continuations.
Indicators and Parameters:
Relative Strength Index (RSI):
- The RSI is calculated using a 10-period length. It measures the magnitude of recent price changes to evaluate overbought or oversold conditions. The script defines oversold conditions when the RSI is at or below 30 and overbought conditions when the RSI is at or above 70.
Volume Condition:
-The strategy incorporates a volume condition where the current volume must be greater than 2.5 times the 20-period moving average of volume. This is used to confirm the strength of the price movement.
Simple Moving Averages (SMA):
- The strategy uses two SMAs: SMA1 with a length of 250 periods and SMA2 with a length of 500 periods. These SMAs help identify long-term trends and generate signals based on their crossover.
Strategy Logic:
Entry Logic:
A long position is initiated when all the following conditions are met:
The RSI indicates an oversold condition (RSI ≤ 30).
SMA1 is above SMA2, indicating an uptrend.
The volume condition is satisfied, confirming the strength of the signal.
Exit Logic:
The strategy closes the long position when SMA1 crosses under SMA2, signaling a potential end of the uptrend (a "Death Cross").
Stop-Loss:
A stop-loss is set at 5% below the entry price to manage risk and limit potential losses.
Buy and sell signals are highlighted with circles below or above bars:
Green Circle : Buy signal when RSI is oversold, SMA1 > SMA2, and the volume condition is met.
Red Circle : Sell signal when RSI is overbought, SMA1 < SMA2, and the volume condition is met.
Black Cross: "Death Cross" when SMA1 crosses under SMA2, indicating a potential bearish signal.
to determine the level of stop loss and target point I used a piece of code by RafaelZioni, here is the script from which a piece of code was taken
I hope the strategy will be helpful, as always, best regards and safe trades
;)
Combined Bitcoin CME Gaps and Weekend DaysScript Description: Combined Bitcoin CME Gaps and Weekend Days
Author: NeoButane (Bitcoin CME Gaps), JohnIsTrading (Day of Week),
Contributor : MikeTheRuleTA (Combined and optimizations)
This Pine Script indicator provides a combined view of Bitcoin CME gaps and customizable weekend day backgrounds on your chart. It’s designed to help traders visualize CME gaps along with customizable weekend day highlights.
Features:
CME Gaps Visualization:
Enable CME Gaps: Toggle the display of CME gaps on your chart.
Show Real vs. CME Price: Choose whether to display chart prices or CME prices for gap analysis.
Weekend Gaps Only: Filter to show only weekend gaps for a cleaner view (note: this may miss holidays).
CME Gaps Styling:
Weekend Background Highlighting:
Enable Weekend Background: Toggle the weekend day background highlight on or off.
Timezone Selection: Choose the relevant timezone for accurate weekend highlighting.
Customizable Weekend Colors: Define colors for Saturday and Sunday backgrounds.
How It Works:
CME Gaps: The script identifies gaps between CME and chart prices when the CME session is closed. It plots these gaps with customizable colors and line widths.
You can choose to see gaps based on CME prices or chart prices and decide whether to include only weekends.
Weekend Backgrounds: The script allows for background highlighting of weekends (Saturday and Sunday) on your chart. This can be enabled or disabled and customized with specific colors.
The timezone setting ensures that the background highlights match your local time settings.
Inputs:
CME Gaps Settings:
Enable CME Gaps
Show Real vs. CME Price
Only Show Weekend Gaps
CME Gaps Style:
Gap Fill Color Up
Gap Fill Color Down
Gap Fill Transparency
Weekend Settings:
Enable Weekend Background
Timezone
Enable Saturday
Saturday Color
Enable Sunday
Sunday Color
Usage:
Add this script to your TradingView chart to overlay CME gaps and weekend highlights.
Adjust the settings according to your preferences for a clearer view of gaps and customized weekend backgrounds.
This indicator provides a comprehensive tool for tracking CME gaps and understanding weekend market behaviors through visual enhancements on your trading charts.
BTC Coinbase PremiumThis script is designed to compare the price of Bitcoin on two major exchanges: Coinbase and Binance. It helps you see if there’s a difference in the price of Bitcoin between these two exchanges, which is known as a “premium” or “discount.”
Here’s how it works in simple terms:
Getting the Prices:
The script first fetches the current price of Bitcoin from Coinbase and Binance. It looks at the closing price, which is the price at the end of the selected time period on your chart.
Calculating the Difference:
It then calculates the difference between these two prices. If Bitcoin is more expensive on Coinbase than on Binance, this difference will be positive, indicating a “premium.” If it’s cheaper on Coinbase, the difference will be negative, indicating a “discount.”
Visualizing the Difference:
The script creates a visual chart that shows this price difference over time. It uses green bars to show when there’s a premium (Coinbase is more expensive) and red bars to show when there’s a discount (Coinbase is cheaper).
Optional Table Display:
If you choose to, the script can also show this price difference in a small table at the top right corner of your chart. The table displays the words “Coinbase Premium” and the exact dollar amount of the premium or discount.
Why does it matter?
Traders and investors have spotted a correlation between bullish strength on BTC and a strong Coinbase premium along with the inverse of a strong Coinbase discount and BTC price weakness.
Quatro SMA Strategy [4h]Hello, I would like to present to you The "Quatro SMA" strategy
Strategy is based on four simple moving averages of different lengths and monitoring trading volume. The key idea is to identify strong market trends by comparing short-term moving averages with the long-term SMA. The strategy generates buy signals when all short-term SMAs are above the SMA(200) and the volume confirms the strength of the move. Similarly, sell signals are generated when all short-term SMAs are below the SMA(200), and the volume is sufficiently high.
The strategy manages risk by applying a stop loss and three different Take Profit levels (TP1, TP2, TP3), with varying percentages of the position closed at each level.
Each Take Profit level is triggered at a specific percentage gain, with the position being closed gradually depending on the achieved targets. The percentage of the position closed at each TP level is also defined by the user.
Indicators and Parameters:
Simple Moving Averages (SMA):
The script utilizes four simple moving averages with different lengths (4, 16, 32, 200). The first three SMAs (SMA1, SMA2, SMA3) are used to determine the trend direction, while the fourth SMA (with a length of 200) serves as a support/resistance line.
Volume:
The script monitors trading volume and checks if the current volume exceeds 2.5 times the average volume of the last 40 candles. High volume is considered as confirmation of trend strength.
Entry Conditions:
- Long Position: Triggered when SMA1 > SMA2 > SMA3, the closing price is above SMA(200), and the volume condition is met.
- Short Position: Triggered when SMA1 < SMA2 < SMA3, the closing price is below SMA(200), and the volume condition is met.
Exit Conditions:
- Long Position: Closed when SMA1 < SMA2 < SMA3 and the closing price is above SMA(200).
- Short Position: Closed when SMA1 > SMA2 > SMA3 and the closing price is below SMA(200).
to determine the level of stop loss and target point I used a piece of code by RafaelZioni, here is the script from which a piece of code was taken
I hope the strategy will be helpful, as always, best regards and safe trades
;)
1000SATS and ORDI Market Cap RatioSure! Here is a detailed description and usage guide for your TradingView indicator:
### Indicator Description
**Title**: 1000SATS/ORDI Market Cap Ratio
**Description**: The "1000SATS/ORDI Market Cap Ratio" indicator calculates and visualizes the market capitalization ratio between 1000SATS and ORDI. This indicator allows traders and investors to analyze the relative market strength and valuation trends of 1000SATS compared to ORDI over time. By tracking this ratio, users can gain insights into market dynamics and potential trading opportunities between these two assets.
### Indicator Usage
**Purpose**:
- To compare the market capitalizations of 1000SATS and ORDI.
- To identify potential undervaluation or overvaluation of 1000SATS relative to ORDI.
- To assist in making informed trading and investment decisions based on market cap trends.
**How to Use**:
1. **Add the Indicator to Your Chart**:
- Open TradingView and navigate to your chart.
- Click on the "Indicators" button at the top of the chart.
- Select "Pine Editor" and paste the provided script.
- Click "Add to Chart" to apply the indicator.
2. **Interpret the Ratio**:
- The indicator will plot a line representing the ratio of the market capitalization of 1000SATS to ORDI.
- A rising ratio indicates that the market cap of 1000SATS is increasing relative to ORDI, suggesting stronger market performance or higher valuation of 1000SATS.
- A falling ratio indicates that the market cap of 1000SATS is decreasing relative to ORDI, suggesting weaker market performance or lower valuation of 1000SATS.
3. **Analyze Trends**:
- Use the indicator to spot trends and potential reversal points in the market cap ratio.
- Combine the ratio analysis with other technical indicators and chart patterns to enhance your trading strategy.
4. **Set Alerts**:
- Set custom alerts on the ratio to notify you of significant changes or specific thresholds being reached, enabling timely decision-making.
**Example**:
- If the ratio is consistently rising, it may indicate a good opportunity to consider 1000SATS as a stronger investment relative to ORDI.
- Conversely, if the ratio is falling, it may be a signal to reevaluate the strength of 1000SATS compared to ORDI.
**Note**: Always conduct thorough analysis and consider other market factors before making trading decisions based on this indicator.
### Script
```pinescript
//@version=4
study("1000SATS and ORDI Market Cap Ratio", shorttitle="1000SATS/ORDI Ratio", overlay=true)
// Define the circulating supply for ORDI and 1000SATS
ORDI_supply = 21000000 // Circulating supply of ORDI
SATS_1000_supply = 2100000000000 // Circulating supply of 1000SATS
// Fetch the price data for ORDI
ordi_price = security("BINANCE:ORDIUSDT", timeframe.period, close)
// Fetch the price data for 1000SATS
sats_1000_price = security("BINANCE:1000SATSUSDT", timeframe.period, close)
// Calculate the market capitalizations
ordi_market_cap = ordi_price * ORDI_supply
sats_1000_market_cap = sats_1000_price * SATS_1000_supply
// Calculate the market cap ratio
ratio = sats_1000_market_cap / ordi_market_cap
// Plot the ratio
plot(ratio, title="1000SATS/ORDI Market Cap Ratio", color=color.blue, linewidth=2)
```
This description and usage guide should help users understand the purpose and functionality of your indicator, as well as how to effectively apply it in their trading activities on TradingView.
SOL & BTC EMA with BTC/SOL Price Difference % and BTC Dom EMAThis script is designed to provide traders with a comprehensive analysis of Solana (SOL) and Bitcoin (BTC) by incorporating Exponential Moving Averages (EMAs) and price difference percentages. It also includes the BTC Dominance EMA to offer insights into the overall market dominance of Bitcoin.
Features:
SOL EMA: Plots the Exponential Moving Average (EMA) for Solana (SOL) based on a customizable period length.
BTC EMA: Plots the Exponential Moving Average (EMA) for Bitcoin (BTC) based on a customizable period length.
BTC Dominance EMA: Plots the Exponential Moving Average (EMA) for BTC Dominance, which helps in understanding Bitcoin's market share relative to other cryptocurrencies.
BTC/SOL Price Difference %: Calculates and plots the percentage difference between BTC and SOL prices, adjusted for their respective EMAs. This helps in identifying relative strength or weakness between the two assets.
Background Highlight: Colors the background to visually indicate whether the BTC/SOL price difference percentage is positive (green) or negative (red), aiding in quick decision-making.
Inputs:
SOL Ticker: Symbol for Solana (default: BINANCE
).
BTC Ticker: Symbol for Bitcoin (default: BINANCE
).
BTC Dominance Ticker: Symbol for Bitcoin Dominance (default: CRYPTOCAP
.D).
EMA Length: The length of the EMA (default: 20 periods).
Usage:
This script is intended for traders looking to analyze the relationship between SOL and BTC, using EMAs to smooth out price data and highlight trends. The BTC/SOL price difference percentage can help traders identify potential trading opportunities based on the relative movements of SOL and BTC.
Note: Leverage trading involves significant risk and may not be suitable for all investors. Ensure you have a good understanding of the market conditions and employ proper risk management techniques.
Bitcoin Fundamentals - Bitcoin Block RewardThe Bitcoin Block Reward is the batch of new Bitcoins generated by the miners after solving each block.
The Block Reward is set as a basic rule and cannot be changed without agreement between the entire Bitcoin network. It started at 50 BTC during the first period. Afterwards the Block Reward gets adjusted to half of it value (Halving Event) on each cycle of 210000 blocks mined.
This is the only way that new bitcoins are created. It creates an incentive for miners to secure the network.
Over time the Block Reward will decreases to a value that might not cover the mining costs. At that point, the use of the Bitcoin Network might have increased sufficiently as to generate enough transaction fees to cover the mining costs.
MOTIVATION
Even though this is a very simple indicator, I'm currently missing a data source to compute the Block Reward value within Tradingview. Therefore, I created this indicator and its associated library function to enable its visualization and (eventually) for coders to make use of the source function to power more elaborate scripts related to the Halving Events.
Hope that helps!
CryptoLibrary "Crypto"
This Library includes functions related to crytocurrencies and their blockchain
btcBlockReward(t)
Delivers the BTC block reward for a specific date/time
Parameters:
t (int) : Time of the current candle
Returns: blockRewardBtc
Intellect_city - Halvings Bitcoin CycleWhat is halving?
The halving timer shows when the next Bitcoin halving will occur, as well as the dates of past halvings. This event occurs every 210,000 blocks, which is approximately every 4 years. Halving reduces the emission reward by half. The original Bitcoin reward was 50 BTC per block found.
Why is halving necessary?
Halving allows you to maintain an algorithmically specified emission level. Anyone can verify that no more than 21 million bitcoins can be issued using this algorithm. Moreover, everyone can see how much was issued earlier, at what speed the emission is happening now, and how many bitcoins remain to be mined in the future. Even a sharp increase or decrease in mining capacity will not significantly affect this process. In this case, during the next difficulty recalculation, which occurs every 2014 blocks, the mining difficulty will be recalculated so that blocks are still found approximately once every ten minutes.
How does halving work in Bitcoin blocks?
The miner who collects the block adds a so-called coinbase transaction. This transaction has no entry, only exit with the receipt of emission coins to your address. If the miner's block wins, then the entire network will consider these coins to have been obtained through legitimate means. The maximum reward size is determined by the algorithm; the miner can specify the maximum reward size for the current period or less. If he puts the reward higher than possible, the network will reject such a block and the miner will not receive anything. After each halving, miners have to halve the reward they assign to themselves, otherwise their blocks will be rejected and will not make it to the main branch of the blockchain.
The impact of halving on the price of Bitcoin
It is believed that with constant demand, a halving of supply should double the value of the asset. In practice, the market knows when the halving will occur and prepares for this event in advance. Typically, the Bitcoin rate begins to rise about six months before the halving, and during the halving itself it does not change much. On average for past periods, the upper peak of the rate can be observed more than a year after the halving. It is almost impossible to predict future periods because, in addition to the reduction in emissions, many other factors influence the exchange rate. For example, major hacks or bankruptcies of crypto companies, the situation on the stock market, manipulation of “whales,” or changes in legislative regulation.
---------------------------------------------
Table - Past and future Bitcoin halvings:
---------------------------------------------
Date: Number of blocks: Award:
0 - 03-01-2009 - 0 block - 50 BTC
1 - 28-11-2012 - 210000 block - 25 BTC
2 - 09-07-2016 - 420000 block - 12.5 BTC
3 - 11-05-2020 - 630000 block - 6.25 BTC
4 - 20-04-2024 - 840000 block - 3.125 BTC
5 - 24-03-2028 - 1050000 block - 1.5625 BTC
6 - 26-02-2032 - 1260000 block - 0.78125 BTC
7 - 30-01-2036 - 1470000 block - 0.390625 BTC
8 - 03-01-2040 - 1680000 block - 0.1953125 BTC
9 - 07-12-2043 - 1890000 block - 0.09765625 BTC
10 - 10-11-2047 - 2100000 block - 0.04882813 BTC
11 - 14-10-2051 - 2310000 block - 0.02441406 BTC
12 - 17-09-2055 - 2520000 block - 0.01220703 BTC
13 - 21-08-2059 - 2730000 block - 0.00610352 BTC
14 - 25-07-2063 - 2940000 block - 0.00305176 BTC
15 - 28-06-2067 - 3150000 block - 0.00152588 BTC
16 - 01-06-2071 - 3360000 block - 0.00076294 BTC
17 - 05-05-2075 - 3570000 block - 0.00038147 BTC
18 - 08-04-2079 - 3780000 block - 0.00019073 BTC
19 - 12-03-2083 - 3990000 block - 0.00009537 BTC
20 - 13-02-2087 - 4200000 block - 0.00004768 BTC
21 - 17-01-2091 - 4410000 block - 0.00002384 BTC
22 - 21-12-2094 - 4620000 block - 0.00001192 BTC
23 - 24-11-2098 - 4830000 block - 0.00000596 BTC
24 - 29-10-2102 - 5040000 block - 0.00000298 BTC
25 - 02-10-2106 - 5250000 block - 0.00000149 BTC
26 - 05-09-2110 - 5460000 block - 0.00000075 BTC
27 - 09-08-2114 - 5670000 block - 0.00000037 BTC
28 - 13-07-2118 - 5880000 block - 0.00000019 BTC
29 - 16-06-2122 - 6090000 block - 0.00000009 BTC
30 - 20-05-2126 - 6300000 block - 0.00000005 BTC
31 - 23-04-2130 - 6510000 block - 0.00000002 BTC
32 - 27-03-2134 - 6720000 block - 0.00000001 BTC
Bitcoin Futures vs. Spot Tri-Frame - Strategy [presentTrading]Prove idea with a backtest is always true for trading.
I developed and open-sourced it as an educational material for crypto traders to understand that the futures and spot spread may be effective but not be as effective as they might think. It serves as an indicator of sentiment rather than a reliable predictor of market trends over certain periods. It is better suited for specific trading environments, which require further research.
█ Introduction and How it is Different
The "Bitcoin Futures vs. Spot Tri-Frame Strategy" utilizes three different timeframes to calculate the Z-Score of the spread between BTC futures and spot prices on Binance and OKX exchanges. The strategy executes long or short trades based on composite Z-Score conditions across the three timeframes.
The spread refers to the difference in price between BTC futures and BTC spot prices, calculated by taking a weighted average of futures prices from multiple exchanges (Binance and OKX) and subtracting a weighted average of spot prices from the same exchanges.
BTCUSD 1D L/S Performance
█ Strategy, How It Works: Detailed Explanation
🔶 Calculation of the Spread
The spread is the difference in price between BTC futures and BTC spot prices. The strategy calculates the spread by taking a weighted average of futures prices from multiple exchanges (Binance and OKX) and subtracting a weighted average of spot prices from the same exchanges. This spread serves as the primary metric for identifying trading opportunities.
Spread = Weighted Average Futures Price - Weighted Average Spot Price
🔶 Z-Score Calculation
The Z-Score measures how many standard deviations the current spread is from its historical mean. This is calculated for each timeframe as follows:
Spread Mean_tf = SMA(Spread_tf, longTermSMA)
Spread StdDev_tf = STDEV(Spread_tf, longTermSMA)
Z-Score_tf = (Spread_tf - Spread Mean_tf) / Spread StdDev_tf
Local performance
🔶 Composite Entry Conditions
The strategy triggers long and short entries based on composite Z-Score conditions across all three timeframes:
- Long Condition: All three Z-Scores must be greater than the long entry threshold.
Long Condition = (Z-Score_tf1 > zScoreLongEntryThreshold) and (Z-Score_tf2 > zScoreLongEntryThreshold) and (Z-Score_tf3 > zScoreLongEntryThreshold)
- Short Condition: All three Z-Scores must be less than the short entry threshold.
Short Condition = (Z-Score_tf1 < zScoreShortEntryThreshold) and (Z-Score_tf2 < zScoreShortEntryThreshold) and (Z-Score_tf3 < zScoreShortEntryThreshold)
█ Trade Direction
The strategy allows the user to specify the trading direction:
- Long: Only long trades are executed.
- Short: Only short trades are executed.
- Both: Both long and short trades are executed based on the Z-Score conditions.
█ Usage
The strategy can be applied to BTC or Crypto trading on major exchanges like Binance and OKX. By leveraging discrepancies between futures and spot prices, traders can exploit market inefficiencies. This strategy is suitable for traders who prefer a statistical approach and want to diversify their timeframes to validate signals.
█ Default Settings
- Input TF 1 (60 minutes): Sets the first timeframe for Z-Score calculation.
- Input TF 2 (120 minutes): Sets the second timeframe for Z-Score calculation.
- Input TF 3 (180 minutes): Sets the third timeframe for Z-Score calculation.
- Long Entry Z-Score Threshold (3): Defines the threshold above which a long trade is triggered.
- Short Entry Z-Score Threshold (-3): Defines the threshold below which a short trade is triggered.
- Long-Term SMA Period (100): The period used to calculate the simple moving average for the spread.
- Use Hold Days (true): Enables holding trades for a specified number of days.
- Hold Days (5): Number of days to hold the trade before exiting.
- TPSL Condition (None): Defines the conditions for taking profit and stop loss.
- Take Profit (%) (30.0): The percentage at which the trade will take profit.
- Stop Loss (%) (20.0): The percentage at which the trade will stop loss.
By fine-tuning these settings, traders can optimize the strategy to suit their risk tolerance and trading style, enhancing overall performance.
CME Gap Oscillator [CryptoSea]Introducing the CME Gap Oscillator , a pioneering tool designed to illuminate the significance of market gaps through the lens of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME). By leveraging gap sizes in relation to the Average True Range (ATR), this indicator offers a unique perspective on market dynamics, particularly around the critical weekly close periods.
Key Features
Gap Measurement : At its core, the CME Oscillator quantifies the size of weekend gaps in the context of the market's volatility, using the ATR to standardize this measurement.
Dynamic Levels : Incorporating a dynamic extreme level calculation, the tool adapts to current market conditions, providing real-time insights into significant gap sizes and their implications.
Band Analysis : Through the introduction of upper and lower bands, based on standard deviations, traders can visually assess the oscillator's position relative to typical market ranges.
Enhanced Insights : A built-in table tracks the frequency of the oscillator's breaches beyond these bands within the latest CME week, offering a snapshot of recent market extremities.
Settings & Customisation
ATR-Based Measurement : Choose to measure gap sizes directly or in terms of ATR for a volatility-adjusted view.
Band Period Adjustability : Tailor the oscillator's sensitivity by modifying the band calculation period.
Dynamic Level Multipliers : Adjust the multiplier for dynamic levels to suit your analysis needs.
Visual Preferences : Customise the oscillator, bands, and table visuals, including color schemes and line styles.
In the example below, it demonstrates that the CME will want to return to the 0 value, this would be considered a reset or gap fill.
Application & Strategy
Deploy the CME Oscillator to enhance your market analysis
Market Sentiment : Gauge weekend market sentiment shifts through gap analysis, refining your strategy for the week ahead.
Volatility Insights : Use the oscillator's ATR-based measurements to understand the volatility context of gaps, aiding in risk management.
Trend Identification : Identify potential trend continuations or reversals based on the frequency and magnitude of gaps exceeding dynamic levels.
The CME Oscillator stands out as a strategic tool for traders focusing on gap analysis and volatility assessment. By offering a detailed breakdown of market gaps in relation to volatility, it empowers users with actionable insights, enabling more informed trading decisions across a range of markets and timeframes.
[MAD] BTC ETF Volume In/OutflowThe " BTC ETF Volume In/Outflows" indicator is designed to analyze and visualize the volume data of various Bitcoin Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) across different exchanges. This indicator helps traders and analysts observe the inflows and outflows of trading volume in a structured and comparative manner.
Features
Multi-Ticker Support: The indicator is capable of handling volume data from multiple ETFs simultaneously, making it versatile for comparative analysis.
Volume Adjustments: Provides an option to view volume data either as the number of pieces (shares) traded or as monetary flow (value traded).
Compression Factor: Includes a volume compression factor setting that helps in emphasizing smaller volume changes or smoothing out volume spikes.
Data Calculation
Volume data is processed using a custom function that adjusts the data based on user settings for piece or monetary representation and applies a logarithmic compression factor.
This processed data is then fetched for each ticker.
Visualization
Volume data is visualized on the chart using column plots where each ETF's volume data is stacked and offset to provide a clear visual representation of in/outflows. Horizontal lines indicate the zero level for reference.
Usage Scenario
This indicator is particularly useful for traders who track multiple ETFs and need to compare their volume activities simultaneously. It provides insights into market trends, potentially indicating bullish or bearish shifts based on volume inflows and outflows across different instruments.
have fun :-)
BTC Purchasing Power 2009-20XX! Hello, today I'm going to show you something that shifts our perspective on Bitcoin's value, not just in nominal terms, but adjusted for the real buying power over the years. This Pine Script TAS developed for TradingView does exactly that by taking into account inflation rates from 2009 to the present.
As you know, inflation erodes the purchasing power of money. That $100 in 2009 does not buy you the same amount in goods or services today. The same concept applies to Bitcoin. While we often look at its price in terms of dollars, pounds, or euros, it's crucial to understand what that price really means in terms of purchasing power.
What this script does is adjust the price of Bitcoin for cumulative inflation since 2009, allowing us to see not just how the nominal price has changed, but how its value as a means of purchasing goods and services has evolved.
For example, if we see Bitcoin's price at $60,000 today, that number might seem high compared to its early years. However, when we adjust this price for inflation, we might find that in terms of 2009's purchasing power, the effective price might be somewhat lower. This adjusted price gives us a more accurate reflection of Bitcoin's true value over time.
This script plots two lines on the chart:
The Original BTC Price: This is the unadjusted price of Bitcoin as we typically see it.
BTC Purchasing Power: This line shows Bitcoin's price adjusted for inflation, reflecting how many goods or services Bitcoin could buy at that point in time compared to 2009.
By comparing these lines, we can observe periods where Bitcoin's purchasing power significantly increased, even if the nominal price was not at its peak. This can help us identify moments when Bitcoin was undervalued or overvalued in real terms.
This analysis is crucial for long-term investors and traders who want to understand Bitcoin's value beyond the surface-level price movements. It helps us appreciate Bitcoin's potential as a store of value, especially in contexts where traditional currencies are losing purchasing power due to inflation.
Remember, investing is not just about riding price waves; it's about understanding the underlying value. And that's precisely what this script helps us to uncover
(mab) Dynamic Bitcoin NVT SignalBitcoin`s NVT is calculated by dividing the Network Value (market cap) by the USD volume transmitted through the blockchain daily. Note this equivalent of the bitcoin token supply divided by the daily BTC value transmitted through the blockchain, NVT is technically inverse monetary velocity.
Credits go to Willy Woo for creating the Network Value Transaction Ratio (NVT). Credits go also to Dimitry Kalichkin improving NVT and creating the NVT Signal (NVTS).
According to its creator, the NVT Ratio is somewhat similar to the PE Ratio used in equity markets. When Bitcoin`s NVT is high, it indicates that its network valuation is outstripping the value being transmitted on its payment network, this can happen when the network is in high growth and investors are valuing it as a high return investment, or alternatively when the price is in an unsustainable bubble.
I created this indicator because the NVT indicator I was using suddenly stopped working. I tried a number of other NVT indicators, but all of them seem to have the same problem and stopped updating after a certain date. The cause is that the data feed from 'Quandl' that is used by most NVT indicators is no longer updated through the previous API.
Instead TradingView created a special API to access 'Quandl" data. This indicator not only uses the new API for 'Quandl', it can also access data from other providers like 'Glassnode', 'CoinMetrics' and 'IntoTheBlock'. However, the 'Quandl' data feed seems to produce the best results with this indicator.
The indicator provides dynamically adjusting overbought and oversold thresholds based on a two year moving average and standard devition with adjustable multipliers. It also implements alerts for NVT going into overbought, oversold or crossing the moving average.
Version 1.0
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Version history
0.1 Beta
- Initial version
1.0
- First release
BTC/USD Inflation priced in! ~Period 2009 - 2023 (by TAS)The script creates a custom indicator titled "BTC Adjusted for Economic Factors.
Adjusted BTC Price is plotted in red, making it more prominent. The adjusted price is Bitcoin's historical closing prices adjusted for cumulative inflation over time, based on the Core Consumer Price Index (CPI) annual inflation rates from 2009 onwards.
The script calculates the adjusted price of Bitcoin by taking into account the effect of inflation on its value. It uses annual CPI rates for each year from 2009 to 2022 to calculate a cumulative inflation factor. The script assumes a placeholder inflation rate of 2.5% for 2023, indicating that this value should be updated when the actual rate is available. The script suggests adding CPI rates for additional years as they become available to maintain the accuracy of the adjustment.
Here's a breakdown of how the script works:
Core CPI Annual Inflation Rates: It starts by defining the annual inflation rates for each year from 2009 to 2022, expressed as a percentage divided by 100 to convert to a decimal.
Cumulative Inflation Calculation: The script calculates cumulative inflation starting from the year 2009 up to the current year. For each year that has passed since 2009, it multiplies the cumulative inflation factor by (1 + cpiRate), where cpiRate is the inflation rate for that year. This effectively compounds the inflation rate over time.
Adjusting Bitcoin's Price: The script then adjusts Bitcoin's closing price (close) for the calculated cumulative inflation to get the adjusted price (adjustedPrice).
Plotting the Prices: Finally, it plots both the original and the adjusted Bitcoin prices on the chart, allowing users to visually compare how inflation has theoretically impacted Bitcoin's value over time.
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Important to notice, Fib. Retracements from the 2017 cycle top to the recent top (¬80K) doesn't look invalidated.
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Inputs and feedback are welcome!
STABLECOINS DEPEG FINDERSTABLECOINS DEPEG FINDER
With this script, you will be able to understand how DePeg in stablecoins USDT, USDC, and FDUSD can influence the TOTAL Market Cap.
WHAT IS DEPEG?
DePeg occurs when a stablecoin loses its peg. It can't maintain the $1.00 price for a while (or anymore). Traders can use DePeg for high-quality trading both in Crypto and Stablecoins. Usually, a Negative DePeg (e.g., 0.98%) means you can buy Stablecoins at a 2% discount. This translates to a 2% gain when the Stablecoin returns to its peg. Additionally, a Positive DePeg could be a good moment for selling or withdrawal.
WHY DEPEG MATTERS IN THE CRYPTO SPACE
Depeg in Crypto markets is primarily a matter of "earning from small differences in peg." If well understood, it can help traders and analysts to spot whales' next moves. Usually, when a negative DePeg (below $1) occurs, it means whales are in a hurry to sell their Stablecoin tokens for Crypto Tokens. In this hurry, they sell Stablecoins at a discount. In the short term, a Crypto pump is likely planned, and they buy the next x100 token.
On the other hand, a positive DePeg (above $1) means whales are in a hurry to convert tokens into Stablecoins because they are heavily selling Crypto Tokens. This leads to them paying more for Stablecoins. Positive Depeg is more interesting than Negative DePeg. Usually, it signifies an important sell-off in the crypto environment, creating high tension to safeguard your hard-earned money. Whales hurry to convert altcoins and tokens into stablecoins, causing a Positive Depeg (they are willing to pay more to be safe). Positive DePeg is plotted as Intense Background Color.
Identifying 'areas' where this occurs could help traders and analysts understand this highly manipulative market better and take positions.
THE SCRIPT
This script will help traders and analysts understand when USDT, USDC, and FDUSD depegged and how the crypto market reacted. It comes with the possibility to check and plot backgrounds when there's Positive DePeg or Negative DePeg for USDT, USDC, or FDUSD.
It's pretty useful for data analysis. In the bottom-right part, you can check the actual stablecoin peg for the three Stablecoins:
- Highest Positive DePeg in a given BackTrace
- Average Positive DePeg in a given BackTrace
- Actual Peg for USDT, USDC, FDUSD
- Average Negative DePeg in a given BackTrace
- Lowest Negative DePeg in a given BackTrace
UNDERSTANDING THE BACKGROUND PLOT
NEGATIVE DEPEG
For each Stablecoin, negative DePeg is plotted as Translucent Background Color: USDT lime, USDC aqua, FDUSD grey. You can choose from settings whether it needs to be enabled or disabled for each token.
POSITIVE DEPEG
For each Stablecoin, positive DePeg is plotted as Intense Background Color: USDT lime, USDC aqua, FDUSD grey. You can choose from settings whether it needs to be enabled or disabled for each token.
USE CASE EXAMPLES
With this script you can plan to be alerted WHEN one of those stablecoin are depegging over a threesold. Than you can act accordingly.
BUY OPPORTUNITY
Let' suppose you want to see how USDC can influence Crypto Price when deppeged
I've setup signal to be plotted only for negative Depeg when USDC goes below 0.998. As you can see it was a very good and nice buy area for the entire crypto market
SELL OPPORTUNITY
Spot a selling point could be harder. In the example below let's see how USDC positive DePeg can show signal of Crypto dump earlier in daily TF
ATH Gain PotentialThe indicator quantifies the relative position of a symbol's current closing price in relation to its historical all-time high (ATH).
By evaluating the ratio between the ATH and the present closing price, it provides an analytical framework to estimate the potential gains that could accrue if the symbol were to revert to its ATH from a specified reference point. The ratio serves as a quantitative measure for assessing the distance between the current market value and the symbol's historical peak, enabling investors to gauge the prospective profitability of a return to the ATH.
MicroStrategy / Bitcoin Market Cap RatioThis indicator offers a unique analytical perspective by comparing the market capitalization of MicroStrategy (MSTR) with that of Bitcoin (BTC) . Designed for investors and analysts interested in the correlation between MicroStrategy's financial performance and the Bitcoin market, the script calculates and visualizes the ratio of MSTR's market capitalization to Bitcoin's market capitalization.
Key Features:
Start Date: The script considers data starting from July 28, 2020, aligning with MicroStrategy's initial announcement to invest in Bitcoin.
Data Sources: It retrieves real-time data for MSTR's total shares outstanding, MSTR's stock price, and BTC's market capitalization.
Market Cap Calculations: The script calculates MicroStrategy's market cap by multiplying its stock price with the total shares outstanding. It then forms a ratio of MSTR's market cap to BTC's market cap.
Bollinger Bands: To add a layer of analysis, the script includes Bollinger Bands around the ratio, with customizable parameters for length and multiplier. These bands can help identify overbought or oversold conditions in the relationship between MSTR's and BTC's market values.
The indicator plots the MSTR/BTC market cap ratio and the Bollinger Bands, providing a clear visual representation of the relationship between these two market values over time.
This indicator is ideal for users who are tracking the impact of Bitcoin's market movements on MicroStrategy's valuation or vice versa. It provides a novel way to visualize and analyze the interconnectedness of a leading cryptocurrency asset and a major corporate investor in the space.
MVRV Z-ScoreThe MVRV ratio was created by Murad Mahmudov & David Puell. It simply compares Market Cap to Realised Cap, presenting a ratio (MVRV = Market Cap / Realised Cap). The MVRV Z-Score is a later version, refining the metric by normalising the peaks and troughs of the data.
